Step 1: Determine Which Program You Qualify For

The SSA offers two main disability programs:

• SSDI (Social Security Disability Insurance): For individuals who have worked and paid into Social Security through payroll taxes. You need a sufficient number of work credits, usually 40 (20 of which earned in the past 10 years).
• SSI (Supplemental Security Income): For people with limited income and resources, regardless of work history.

Knowing which program applies to your situation will help you gather the right documents and evidence for your application.

Step 2: Gather the Required Documentation

Before you apply, collect all relevant documents, including:

• Medical records from all doctors, clinics, and hospitals
• A complete list of medications and treatment history
• Your work history for the last 15 years
• Contact information for your healthcare providers
• Proof of income, assets, and living situation (for SSI applicants)

Having complete and accurate records is critical to the SSA’s evaluation process.

Step 3: Start Your Application

You can apply for disability in Iowa in one of the following ways:

• Online: Apply at ssa.gov (available for SSDI only)
• By phone: Call the SSA at 1-800-772-1213
• In person: Visit your local Social Security office (find your office at ssa.gov/locator)

Be prepared to spend time answering detailed questions about your medical history, daily limitations, and financial status.

Step 4: Submit All Required Medical Evidence

Medical evidence is the backbone of your disability claim. The SSA will review your documentation to determine if:

• Your condition meets a listing in the SSA’s Blue Book
• Your condition prevents you from performing any substantial work activity
• Your condition is expected to last at least 12 months or result in death

Make sure your doctors are aware of your application and that all records are submitted promptly.

Step 5: Wait for the SSA’s Decision

After submitting your application:

• The SSA forwards your case to Disability Determination Services (DDS) in Iowa.
• DDS reviews your records and may schedule a consultative exam if more information is needed.
• You’ll receive a decision by mail, usually within 3–5 months.

Step 6: Be Ready to Appeal if Denied

Most initial applications are denied. If this happens, don’t panic—you have 60 days to file an appeal, starting with a Request for Reconsideration.

If needed, you can progress through further appeal stages:

• Administrative Law Judge (ALJ) hearing
• Appeals Council review
• Federal court review